c a l e SPACE c h e m i c a l SPACE t r e a t m e n t SPACE o f SPACE w a
s t e w a t e r SPACE i s SPACE r a r e l y SPACE j u s t i f i e d , SPACE
e v e n SPACE i n SPACE e m e r g e n c i e s , SPACE b e c a u s e SPACE
o f SPACE i t s SPACE h i g h SPACE c o s t , SPACE u n p r e d i c t a b
l e SPACE e f f e c t s , SPACE a n d SPACE p o s s i b l e SPACE n e g a
t i v e SPACE i m p a c t SPACE o n SPACE t h e SPACE e n v i r o n m e n
t SPACE a n d SPACE h e a l t h ; SPACE ( d ) SPACE h e a l t h